Tag Archives: physics

Meet Jim Malone – medical physics

The Friday interview: Science Ambassador Jim Malone is the Robert Boyle Professor of Medical Physics at TCD and Consultant to the International Atomic Energy Agency in Vienna. Here he talks about how he chose his career, what his job is like, the cool things in his work, and his tips on work experience and what to study.

Our Science Ambassadors include newly qualified and well established Irish scientists. They work in science and technology, love their work and want to help others learn about what it’s really like working in their particular areas of research and innovation.

What were the main ‘career decision’ milestones in your life so far?

Jim MaloneThe role of chance and openness to circumstances, were as important in my career as the conscious and deliberate choices. Science was an important choice in both school and college.

But after college the fact that there was a postal strike in Ireland meant that I could not make the final arrangements for a job I had accepted in Canada.

It was in the late 1960s and a transatlantic phone call would have been too expensive. So I took a temporary job in medical physics in Scotland and this determined my future career for 40 years.

This mixture of deliberate, worked-at choice and good luck /chance has happened over and over again. Sometimes it has been a matter of being in the right place at the right time, but just as often it seems random.

The management roles I took on from the age of about 40 onwards weren’t planned. Science provided a good background and circumstances gave me the push to take them on. They were generally difficult but rewarding.

It is a good idea to plan, but is also a good idea to be open to what the world, nature or destiny may graciously lay at your feet. This can seem like a poisoned chalice, but look at it and inspect it anyway; it is amazing what can happen. Clouds can have silver linings.

Who are the people who most influenced your career direction?

My parents were open to the idea of science as a career, which would have been relatively new at the time. Thereafter I made my own way.

I wanted a career that would contribute in a positive way to individuals and society and thus social motivation was important.

I don’t quite know where this came from but it was in the air in the 1960s when I was in college. I think people of my parent’s generation felt the need to give back to society.

In addition, physics at that time had a kind of glamour that is today enjoyed by biomolecular sciences and genetic engineering. If one was interested at all, it was hard not to be pulled in by the glamour that attached to physics at the time.

The potential risks and evil that can also be delivered from the same source had not been well articulated. It was only later that the scale and subtlety of this became obvious. That was a lesson in itself that further shaped my career.

I now regularly spend time working for the UN’s International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) which, incidentally, won the Nobel Peace Prize in 2005.

What’s cool?

Giving a paper on an exciting topic to which my own work has contributed.

Sorting out a serious scientific, engineering or safety problem for a colleague in the hospital. The hospital can be somewhere in the third world and the work may be done for the UN.

Finishing a report or manual for the UN that will be used in hospitals throughout the world.

What subjects did you take in school and how have these influenced your career path?

For the Leaving (1961), I took maths, English, Irish, Latin, geography, physics and chemistry.

These were important for my subsequent career, although they did not quite match what I did initially, which was to join the Franciscan Order for a few years.

However, possibly surprisingly, the Franciscans were open to my doing science at college. Thus I did physics and maths, but in the company of people doing languages, literature, philosophy and history etc. From this grew a life long interest in the humanities, particularly in philosophy and literature.

I left the Franciscans but they gave me an interest in applying science in a way that did not damage the world. I also got the beginnings of a free floating and un-churched type of spirituality.

What have been the most rewarding events in your career so far?

Several things, ranging from the very first job I got in medical physics after college. This was a rewarding achievement.

Later on, setting up and establishing a medical physics and bioengineering department at St James’s Hospital that functions well for the health service and for Trinity College. Running an MSc course for young medical physicists was a satisfying challenge. I was proud to be appointed a professor in Trinity.

Later I was appointed dean of the faculty of health sciences and director of graduate studies there. It was rewarding that people felt a scientist could undertake these roles, as science is often assumed to be either nerdy or narrow.

I particularly enjoyed the latter and learned much from the people setting up new postgraduate courses in all kinds of subjects including psychotherapy, molecular biology and health service management.

What personal qualities do you have that helps you in your career?

Both imagination and courage are important. Imagination to be able to see and appreciate what is in front of you and the courage to act accordingly. This is not always easy to do, even in science.

Enjoying people is important in any task with a high level of management, which some of my later jobs had. It is also an asset in science.

What is your dream job?

I’ve been lucky enough to have had it already. I feel I had a special job and was lucky to have employers I was able to persuade to allow me shape it so it was possible to work well in it.

What advice would you give to someone considering this job?

Curiosity, imagination, numeracy, liking aspects of science, wanting to put it to socially responsible use.

What are the three most important personal characteristics required for the job?

Liking people, being able to work as part of a team, a commitment to service of other people. Creativity can be important.

In radiotherapy physics, which is a distinctive subset of medical physics, a capacity for careful attention to detail is essential.

What kinds of work experience would provide a good background for this position?

Some education and training in, and aptitude for science. Work experience in any aspect of hospital life; even better if you can get work experience in areas such as a medical physics unit, radiology department, anaesthetic or intensive care department.

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Meet Eimear MacHale, studying photonics

The Friday interview: Science Ambassador Eimear MacHale is a PhD student in the area of photonics (the science of generating, controlling, and detecting photons) at University College Cork. Here she talks about how she chose her career, what her job is like, the cool things in her work, and her tips on work experience and what to study.

Our Science Ambassadors include newly qualified and well established Irish scientists. They work in science and technology, love their work and want to help others learn about what it’s really like working in their particular areas of research and innovation.

What were the main ‘career decision’ milestones in your life so far?

Eimear MacHaleMy favourite subjects in school were the sciences and maths, so for my Leaving Certificate I chose to do chemistry and biology.

At the time, I had imagined following in the footsteps of my sisters by pursuing a medical or chemistry-based career. However, when I heard more about engineering, it seemed like the right route to follow.

I found experiments in mechanical, electronics and structural engineering great fun and also challenging as they related to everyday problems.

Choosing an undergraduate final year project in the area of photonics (the science of generating, controlling, and detecting photons) gave me an insight into the world of research and certainly contributed to my choice of PhD in photonics at the Tyndall National Institute.

Who are the people who most influenced your career direction?

My interest in science began with my sisters explaining their schoolwork to me and smuggling me into their labs at college. My parents have always been a great support, even when I gave up work to be a PhD student.

The team I worked with during my final year project at Trinity College gave me great support and bolstered my interest in photonics. My current PhD supervisor has been very encouraging in pushing my research to the next level as I finish up.

Does your job allow you to have a lifestyle you are happy with?

I think that until relatively recently, people envisaged PhD students almost as hermits who did little else but research. Of course when an important deadline is on the horizon, you expect a few late evenings but generally your time can be organised easily.

Though I am based in the Tyndall Institute, off University College Cork’s main campus, I can avail of all student facilities, such as the free gym, excellent library, subsidised food and a wide variety of societies.

Since I am a student, I cannot afford many holidays but I do get to travel often to conferences and meetings around Europe.

Describe a typical day

In ways, the work I do is more like a job than a course, which I prefer as I came from a working environment back to college. My time is shared between my desk and the optical systems laboratory.

I use my computer to research relevant publications and to do mathematical modelling of the systems I work with. In the laboratory I do my experimental work, setting up, characterising and testing components and systems.

What are the main tasks and responsibilities?

I do most of the experimental work in the PSG Broadband Access group, setting up and testing optical systems and devices.

This involves putting together a system using optical fibres and semiconductor devices, in order to transport 10 GB/s or (10 billion bits of information per second) over up to 100km.

I then compile results from these investigations into publications for presentation at conferences and inclusion in research journals

What’s cool?

I love experimenting. Receiving a new component to test is always interesting as so much is unknown.

Currently I am looking at devices for use in high-speed optical networks to produce the ‘upstream’ data that a customer wants to transmit e.g. uploading photos. I have access to some unique devices in the world, and it is amazing to see how they are fabricated and what they can do.

What particular skills do you bring to your workplace?

I think I am a strong team-player as I am quite diplomatic, sociable and willing to help people out, if I can.

I get things done – whether it’s ordering equipment or filling the dishwasher… I am very dedicated to my work and so I work carefully on the experiments I do and the papers that I write

What subjects did you take in school and how have these influenced your career path?

Leaving Certificate (all Honours): English, Irish, Mathematics, French, Biology, Chemistry and History. Though I had a great interest in languages and History, I think that my interest in Maths and sciences swayed me more and I chose to do engineering at Trinity College, Dublin.

Originally I was thinking of pharmacy or chemistry when I originally chose my subjects – if I had known I would end up in engineering I may have chosen applied maths and physics. However, this choice did not hinder my chances at university, as we studied both subjects in detail in first year. Indeed, as I had the option of mechanical or structural engineering in undergraduate and am exposed to materials research now, I found my chemistry study very helpful.

What is your education to date?

I went on to do a degree in general engineering at TCD, specialising in my third year in electronic and electrical engineering.

What aspects of your education have proven most important for your job?

My final year project at TCD involved photonic device characterisation and it was instrumental in garnering interest in the area. It involved writing a thesis-type report, which counted as 20 per cent of my final grade.

This approach to experimental work was great preparation for what I do now. We also had modules that covered optoelectronic systems, which opened up a very interesting area to me.

What personal qualities do you have that helps you in your career?

I am very patient and have learned to be more organised through my PhD work. These are important qualities as experiments do not always work out as you planned.

I love to work with other people and it helps to be open to suggestions, as well as to suggest ideas that may help others out. I am inquisitive and like getting things done properly – without this, I would not have the drive to do research

What is your dream job?

I would love to be leading a successful research group, whether academic or industry-based. Though it would be a tough job, the constantly evolving and adapting world of research would keep me on my toes. If all else fails, I think I could become a musician.

What advice would you give to someone considering this job?

To do a PhD, you really have to love the subject and also the specific area you will work in. If you have no interest in programming, then a role that involves computer modelling may not be for you. Research requires a lot of planning, organising and ‘thinking outside the box’, so your path is not always set out.

Working as part of a team is essential so that thoughts and knowledge may be shared. If you think that electronic or electrical engineering would interest you, you should at least have an interest in maths, applied maths or physics.

The reward for all that study is getting to work on challenging experiments and getting professional recognition on the world stage.

What are the three most important personal characteristics required for the job?

Patience, determination, diligence

What kinds of work experience would provide a good background for this position?

Ideally to enter a photonics PhD, you would have a background in electronic engineering or physics. An industrial placement during your course would gain you excellent experience.

Otherwise, positions for summer students are common, e.g. through the Erasmus programme you may be placed with a research group. A lab-based final year project would also be beneficial

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Meet astronomer Dave McDonald

Dave McDonald, astronomerThe Friday interview: Science Ambassador Dave McDonald is a health and safety representative by day, and amateur astronomer by night. In 2008 he became only the second person to discover an asteroid from Ireland, 160 years after Andrew Graham in 1848. This was followed by a second discovery in March 2009.

In this interview – before he became famous – he talks about how he chose his career, the cool things in his work, and his tips on work experience and what to study.

Our Science Ambassadors include newly qualified and well established Irish scientists. They work in science and technology, love their work and want to help others learn about what it’s really like working in their particular areas of research and innovation.

What were the main ‘career decision’ milestones in your life so far?

I was asked to volunteer for a role as a safety representative by my colleagues in a supermarket. I found the role rewarding and interesting.

Whilst my day job involves a lot of science and I’m qualified in areas such as acoustics, ventilation engineering, ergonomics, human physiology, epidemiology etc, my hobby is astronomy.

As regards astronomy, as soon as I had my first look at the Moon through binoculars I was hooked. The wonder of the night sky and where we all fit into the great scheme of things has enthralled me ever since.

Who are the people who most influenced your career direction?

The careers guidance office was absolutely fantastic and extremely helpful. They interviewed me (more of a chat really) and we discussed what it was that I wanted to do – it wasn’t really a discussion about jobs, just what I liked to do and what things interested me and science came top of the list.

They quickly identified a third-level qualification I could try for and they even arranged an interview with the polytechnic. It was all plain sailing after that.

As regards astronomy, even though it’s not a “job”, the prime motivator for me was a colleague, Eamonn Ansbro, who was doing some scientific work for a PhD. After chatting with him extensively, I decided that I was going to follow that path as best I could.

And sure enough, a few years later I’m providing quality data to the Minor Planet Centre and sending in data to the Jet Propulsion Lab in support of the Dawn Mission.

Does your job allow you to have a lifestyle you are happy with?

My profession is a “caring” profession – I am involved in protecting people’s health at work. I guess that’s one of the reasons I chose it.

It certainly has been very good to me on the earning front. And while it has taken a few years to save up for life’s “luxuries”, I am certainly in a very healthy position to take great vacations, have a nice house and spend a significant portion of my earnings on my hobby.

Describe a typical day

There really isn’t a typical day in health and safety. There are common themes though – lots of questions from clients, deadlines to meet, novel or complex problems that take time to work through and a need to communicate all this in plain understandable language.

For the astronomy side of things, a typical day would involve checking the weather. If we’re all go for a clear night, it’s a case of planning targets, writing scripts for the automation software and then getting the equipment ready for a night’s run of taking images.

The images are then analysed and data generated. Thus is then formatted before being sent to the Jet Propulsion Lab or the Minor Planet Centre.

What are the main tasks and responsibilities?

I am required to carry out consultancy work and training.

Consultancy involves carrying out noise assessments, chemical/biological exposure assessments, thermal comfort surveys and working with people using display screen equipment (VDUs) to make sure they are safe and healthy.

I carry out training in a wide variety of health and safety subjects and train all kinds of people from operators through to directors.

Along with all of this, I have to keep up to date with all the latest legislation and guidance coming out of the EU and the Health and Safety Authority.

With the astronomy, the main tasks are reporting positional data on asteroids. Some are far away, some are close by and warrant us keeping a close eye on them to see if they might come a little too close for comfort.

What’s “cool” about your job?

I don’t know about cool, but there is a buzz – even after 25 plus years in the profession – when you do something that changes someone’s viewpoint on health and safety and they start to do things the right way in order to protect themselves.

There’s loads of cool stuff with astronomy. I’ve been fortunate enough to do some work with RTÉ – both live and recorded. I even got to do a film review on the Moon landings.

As well as meeting the RTÉ folks like Dave Fanning and Derek Mooney, it’s great to communicate the message that astronomy is interesting, fun and very accessible to everyone.

The coolest astronomy thing, though, has to be having an asteroid bearing my name. With all my achievements, one very kind colleague put my name forward to the International Astronomical Union and they named asteroid number 21782 after me.

So asteroid Davemcdonald will be whizzing around the solar system for a few billion years after I’m well gone. Now that’s cool!

What particular skills do you bring to your workplace?

I think the most important quality is communication.

You really need to get your message across quickly, simply and accurately, especially when you’re talking science. It really doesn’t help if you come across as an egghead!

What aspects of your education have proven most important for your job?

The basic school subjects of maths, chemistry, biology and physics were crucial. Unfortunately, I was rubbish at higher level physics but it didn’t have a detrimental effect.

I’ve managed to learn enough physics to keep me going. I have to say that English was also very important.

I usually communicate in writing reports – they need to be clear, concise and grammatically correct. English was a big help and I did much better at that than physics.

The IT diploma was a real boon to me. Doing formal study in that area has been a fantastic help.

What have been the most rewarding events in your career so far?

For work, I would like to think that I’ve made a positive difference to my clients’ employees. If I have prevented an accident or someone getting sick or going deaf, that to me is invaluable. And I think I’ve done that on many occasions.

In astronomy, I would hope that my small contributions will encourage others to strive for more, and perhaps one day Ireland will be able to match its past achievements in this area.

What is your dream job?

I’d love to have the Hubble telescope all to myself. Of course, I would need a control room kitted out with all the latest computer gadgets, a good sound system for music and a well stocked fridge.

A 70-inch plasma screen for watching movies on and playing Halo would be mandatory for break times. Heaven!

What advice would you give to someone considering this job?

A caring attitude is essential for Health and Safety – you need to be passionate about getting the message across to people and telling them why it is so important. After all, no-one wants to see anyone suffer harm or be in pain.

For astronomy, a yearning for answering the unanswered questions is a must. You also need to be dedicated and focused and not put off by the weather

What type of work experience would provide a good background for this position?

Working for a large manufacturing or construction company and being assigned to a health and safety professional for a few weeks would be great – you’ll quickly know if it’s for you or not.

For astronomy, if you could get someone to show you Saturn, live, through a telescope, I guarantee you’ll be hooked.

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A career in… physics

A physicist studies how the universe works through physics, the most fundamental of all the sciences.

Physics involves the experimental and theoretical study of matter and energy and their interactions, from the smallest known particles, through nuclear and atomic physics, to the physics of solids and ultimately to the development of the universe itself. Continue reading

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Report shows major role of physics in Irish economy

Physics-based businesses contribute more than €7 billion a year to the Irish economy and directly employ over 86,000 people (4.5% of the workforce),  according to a major new report from the Institute of Physics. Continue reading

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